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OpenAI 刚刚发布了 GPT-5.1，这是一个重大更新，它更聪明、“更温暖”、更具对话性。它引入了两个强大的新模式：“GPT-5.1 即时”和“GPT-5.1 思考”，以动态适应任何任务。了解掌握这个下一代 AI 所需的新功能、基准测试和高级提示词技术。
没有可用翻译的内容将以英文原文显示。
The world of generative AI moves at a relentless pace. Just months after the August 2025 release of GPT-5 set new benchmarks for raw intelligence, users began to notice a subtle but persistent issue: the model felt "cold." It was incredibly smart, yes, but it had lost some of the conversational spark, the "vibe" that made GPT-4o feel less like a tool and more like a collaborator.
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Today, that all changes.
OpenAI has just released GPT-5.1, a landmark update that isn't just an incremental step in intelligence—it's a revolutionary leap in efficiency, personality, and usability. This update directly addresses the community's feedback, introducing a system designed to be not only smarter but also "warmer," "wittier," and significantly more "enjoyable to talk to."
This definitive guide will dissect everything you need to know about GPT-5.1. We'll explore the groundbreaking dual-model system, the powerful new personalization features, the staggering benchmark performance, and—most importantly—the new advanced prompting techniques you'll need to truly master this next-generation AI.
The biggest change in OpenAI's GPT-5.1 is a fundamental shift in architecture. Instead of a single, one-size-fits-all model, GPT-5.1 operates as a dynamic duo: GPT-5.1 Instant and GPT-5.1 Thinking.
This isn't just a branding gimmick; it's a new paradigm for AI interaction, with both models built on a core engine of Adaptive Reasoning.
Before this update, AI models largely applied the same amount of "effort" to every query. Asking "what's the capital of France?" would trigger a similar computational load to "write a 10,000-line Python app."
Adaptive Reasoning changes this entirely.
GPT-5.1 can now instantly assess the complexity of your prompt and dynamically allocate the right amount of "thinking time" or computational power to it.
This makes the model dramatically more efficient, faster for everyday tasks, and more robust for difficult ones.
This is the model you'll interact with most. GPT-5.1 Instant is the flagship for everyday use. OpenAI has specifically tuned it to be "warmer," "more conversational," and "more playful" to combat the "colder" feel of GPT-5.0.
It's designed for:
Crucially, "Instant" doesn't mean "dumb." Thanks to Adaptive Reasoning, it can still decide to "think before responding" on challenging questions, giving you the best of both worlds: speed and intelligence.
When you need raw, analytical power, GPT-5.1 Thinking is the specialist. This is the advanced reasoning model designed for in-depth analysis and problem-solving.
This model excels at:
One of its key features is that it's "easier to understand" and "more empathetic" in its default tone, stripping away unnecessary technical language to deliver clarity.
In ChatGPT, you can select "GPT-5.1 Auto" (which routes your query to the best model automatically) or, for Pro users, manually select "Thinking" for tasks you know require heavy lifting.
Beyond the new engine, GPT-5.1 introduces a suite of personalization tools that finally give users granular control over their AI's voice and behavior.
The "one-size-fits-all" AI voice is dead. GPT-5.1 introduces eight distinct personality presets, allowing you to steer the model's tone instantly.
The new lineup includes:
These settings can be changed on the fly, applying instantly across all your chats.
For those who want to go beyond presets, OpenAI is rolling out experimental fine-tuning controls. These sliders allow you to craft a bespoke AI personality by adjusting:
This is a massive step toward a truly personalized AI companion, one that can match your brand's voice or your personal communication style.
apply_patch and shellFor developers building on the API, GPT-5.1 is a game-changer. Two new tools are at the forefront:
apply_patch: This tool allows the model to produce structured "diffs" (like a git diff) rather than just full blocks of code. This makes debugging and code edits far more precise and has been shown to reduce error rates by 35%.shell Tool: A new, controlled interface that lets the model propose and execute shell commands. This enables a simple, powerful "plan-and-execute" loop for system and coding tasks, dramatically improving its capabilities as an agent.While the new "vibe" is the main story, the underlying intelligence has also seen a significant upgrade since the GPT-4o era. The GPT-5.0 base model, which 5.1 is built on, posted staggering benchmark scores.
Your old prompts will still work, but to unlock the true power of GPT-5.1, you need to adapt your techniques. The model is now more of a "steerable agent," and the new prompting guide from OpenAI reflects this.
This is the most powerful new prompting strategy. Instead of just asking for an output, you first ask GPT-5.1 to create its own standards for success.
Example Prompt:
"Before you write the blog post, I want you to first think and create a 5-point 'excellence rubric' for what makes a world-class, engaging blog post. This rubric is for your internal use only.
Once you have created the rubric, use it to iteratively think, plan, and write the post to the highest possible standard across all categories. The post should be about the future of renewable energy."
This "self-reflection" technique forces the model to define quality before executing, leading to dramatically better, more structured, and more thoughtful outputs.
Because GPT-5.1 is so advanced, it can now debug your prompts. If you have a complex system prompt that isn't working, you can feed it to the model and ask it to find the flaws.
Example Prompt:
"Analyze the following system prompt. Identify any contradictions, ambiguities, or error patterns. Then, propose a 'patch' to fix the prompt for better performance."
[Your old, buggy system prompt here]
This "metaprompting" is invaluable for developers and businesses maintaining complex AI agents.
Persistence and VerbosityFor developers, you can now use new tags to control how the model behaves, making it more autonomous.
For API users upgrading from GPT-4.1 or 4o, OpenAI has included a new "none" reasoning mode. This disables the adaptive "thinking" tokens, making the model operate much faster and at a lower latency. It's perfect for high-volume, simple tasks where speed is more important than deep analysis.
This update is one of the rare few that genuinely benefits every single user.
Ultimately, GPT-5.1 isn't just a "dot one" update. It's the moment AI's personality caught up with its intelligence.
1.What is the main difference between GPT-5.1 Instant and GPT-5.1 Thinking?
GPT-5.1 Instant is the fast, "warmer," and more conversational default model for everyday tasks. GPT-5.1 Thinking is the advanced reasoning model for complex problems like high-level coding, math, and data analysis. Both are powered by "Adaptive Reasoning," allowing them to adjust their "thinking time" based on your prompt's difficulty.
2. Is GPT-5.1 replacing GPT-5.0 and GPT-4o?
Yes, GPT-5.1 is the new default and will be rolling out to all users, starting with paid subscribers (Pro, Plus, Go, Business) and then free users. It replaces GPT-5.0 as the main model. While older models like GPT-4o may remain accessible for a time, GPT-5.1 is the new flagship.
3. What are the new personality presets in GPT-5.1?
GPT-5.1 introduces eight personality presets: Default, Professional, Friendly, Candid, Quirky, Efficient, Nerdy, and Cynical. You can also use new experimental sliders to fine-tune the AI's warmth, conciseness, scannability, and emoji use.
4. What is "Adaptive Reasoning"?
This is the core engine of GPT-5.1. It's a new feature that allows the AI to analyze the complexity of your prompt before responding. It will use less "thinking time" (and fewer tokens) for simple questions (making it faster) and "more persistent," deeper reasoning for complex problems (making it more accurate).
5. How is prompting different for GPT-5.1?
While old prompts work, new advanced techniques have emerged. These include "Self-Reflection" (asking the AI to create its own quality rubric before starting a task) and "Metaprompting" (asking the AI to analyze and debug your prompts). For developers, new tags like <persistence> can create more autonomous AI agents.
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